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The Gilded Age And The Progressive Era - 3319 Words

The Gilded Age and the Progressive Era were times of great change for women in the United States, and women entered into a new standard of living. As times progressed and new advances were made in both society and technology, people had to learn how to adapt to those changes while still being an asset and following societal rules. The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge the reformations and changes brought to people and society by women during the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era. Regardless of where women may have moved to and lived during these times of expansion and industry, women were determined to not revert back to the roles they had been put in for so long. The purpose of these changes and new roles was to advance society and make everyone equal, but not every woman accepted the changes given to them or received the same kind of treatment due to various differences. Ultimately, the reformations made by women during this time would shape future movements fighting for the same cause. Before the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era, women were meant to remain in the household and do all the work there. They were supposed to take raise the children, maintain the house, support the husband, and be overall dependent on men. Women did not often work outside of their homes nor did they have any real independence to say or do whatever they pleased. For the most part, women were very dependent on men for most things in their lives. Women were meant to be meek,Show MoreRelatedThe Progressive Era Of The Gilded Age1465 Words   |  6 Pagescomes consequences. Industrialization of the United States had indirectly tarnished the Gilded Age, and now that this era was coming to an end, reformers were left to clean up the mess. Hence, the Progressive era was born. The Progressive movement was based in the urban middle class and focused on the improvement of society, the economy, and politics. Yet, the movement was not unified. Each reform group of the era had a separate goal that they would focus on. Each president also had a separate visionRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of The Gilded Age1455 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the progressive era there were many reform movements due to the abundance of political, social, and economical corruption in America in the gilded age as seen by political machines like William Marcy tweed and American financiers like J.P. Morgan. Some of the many issues that made themselves present in the gilded age include the large wealth gap, child labor, women’s lack of rights, influx of immigrants, Urbanization, Indian wars, monopolists, political machines, and alcoholism. All ofRead MoreThe Gilded Age : The Challenges Of The Progressive Era1344 Words   |  6 PagesThe Gilded Age was associated with many difficulties - unprecedented fortunes and poverty, urban squalor, unhygienic food production, and other issues – that many Americans were left to deal with. In the early 1900s, â€Å"widespread dissatisfaction with new trends in American society spurred the Progressive Era, named for the various ‘progressive’ movements that attracted various constituencies around various reforms† (Andrew et al. 1). This new era was the age in which people tried to solve problemsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Gilded Age And Progressive Era1108 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era Throughout the history of time, people named certain time periods based on the events that occurred. People considered the time from the 1890s to 1916 as a shift of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era when many things changed dramatically. The â€Å"Gilded Age† was the time of innovation, invention, and rapid growth, but the presence of monopolies sprouted everywhere in American’s economy and led to social inequalities. Then the Progressive Era responded toRead MoreThe Gilded Age : An Era Of Extreme Corruption1169 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica enters the Gilded Age from 1877 till about the 1890’s. Then the next era would be the Progressive Era beginning from where the Gilded Age left off till around 1920. Though these eras are accepted in the historical community, some historians argue that it is useless to label these two as separate eras in American history. One historian is Rebecca Edwards in her article Politics, Social Movement, and the Periodization of U .S. History. She argues that the Gilded Age and the Progressive should be knownRead MoreThe Gilded Age : A Powerhouse Rose From The Ashes Of The Civil War871 Words   |  4 PagesProgressives in the Gilded Age The Gilded Age: A powerhouse rose from the ashes of the Civil War. From the Civil War until about 1896, the Gilded Age was born. The United States was going through an era of governmental, fiscal and societal restructuring. Gilded Age got its name because Mark Twain seen as a period where everything seemed to be well on the surface but beneath was a scheme of political dishonesty and self-indulgence. Around this time, the affluent upper class was created due to theRead MoreWomen During The Civil War997 Words   |  4 Pagestraditional viewpoints of society of the time. The status of women was shifting rapidly in the Progressive Era. However, middle-class white married women still did not work outside the home. They were expected to stay home and tend to their families. Minority women, on the other hand, had to balance home life and their jobs outside of the home. An extensive advance for a change called the First Reform Era, arose in the years before the Civil War. The new movement included the efforts of social activistsRead MoreThe Gilded Age Of The Nineteenth Century And The Succeeding Period887 Words   |  4 PagesTwo prominent eras of American History were the Gilded Age at the end of the nineteenth century and the succeeding period, the Progressive Era. The Gilded Age, also know as the Second Industrial Revolution, was a peak of high economic development with the rise of technological advancements in a free market environment, meaning that the economy was driven by self-interest instead of government authority. Besides its economic growth, the Gilded Age handle changes in social divisions. After the abolishmentRead MoreThe United States Treatment Of African Americans1291 Words   |  6 Pagesthis was much better than slavery, citizenship came with many troubles of its own. The years following the Civil War, known as the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era, would prove to be, aside from slavery, some of the hardest times for African Americans in all of U.S. history. The years immediately following the Civil War were known as the Gilded Age. During the Gilded Age, African Americans were had just been freed from slavery, given the right to vote, and had many more protections under the federalRead MoreThe Progressive Movement Of The American Progressive Era1259 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to the American Progressive Era there is really no other movement like it. This was a movement that had not just one but many faces that ranged from people as big as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson to people like Jane Addams that accomplished so much. It was a movement so broad that it encompassed basically everyone and spoke not just to but for all those excluded from power. It also wasn’t just one big movement but a conglomeration of them varying from social, to economic, to

The Researchers Have Do Displayed the Risk of Being Reviewed

Question: How To Researchers Have Do Displayed The Risk Of Being Reviewed? Answer: Introduction Individuals are consistently judged or stereotyped by their social event membership(s). Speculation are saved that can meld (however is not obliged to) sexual presentation, age, ethnicity, race, and religious association (Spencer, Logel and Davies, 2016). Stereotypes around an individual's social event, which can be molded as either positive or negative, animate a gathering of feelings. Negative generalizations every now and again cause negative reactions, which can show themselves in the stereotyped individual's responses, execution on an assignment, inspiration, and conviction. Literature review Researchers have displayed the risk of being reviewed, judged by, or respected the degree that a cynical hypothesis can make people perform more awful in an area in which hostile generalizations exist about a get-together of which they are a segment. Envision taking a troublesome math test that is at the best furthest scopes of the capacity (Spencer, Logel and Davies, 2015). On the off chance that you are a male and you end up experiencing issues, you may start to extend at the end of the day slamming and consuming the test. On the off chance that you are a female, in any case, you may stress over coming up short the test and strengthening the math-inadequacy theory. Thus, captivating with a math test that winds up being doubly devastating, as starting for extension at the end of the day, coming up short the test, and moreover about being truly diminished to a negative theory focusing on the get-together around there (Gupta, Goktan and Gunay, 2014). Hypothesis chance makes execution decrements and furthermore affects authentic choices (i.e., decision of calling) and shield people from achieving their most extraordinary utmost inside a debilitated range. In this way of such short-and entire arrangement negative impacts, specialists have started to receive a gander at methodologies for remedial theory shot (Kulik, 2014). Exceptional remediation techniques intertwine the de-supplementing disabled characters and giving occurrences of stereotyped people who have winning with the zone. Differences in solitary, for instance, how much a man identifies with their social affair (e.g., sexual introduction) or a particular space (e.g., math) moreover seems to affect the impact that speculation peril has on individuals' execution (Erman Walton, 2014). Threats in the researches is a mental wonder that has been appearing to ominously impact on the execution of a course of action of get-together (e.g., racial/ethnic minorities, females, individuals having less monetary content related status). Two social gatherings that are frequently investigated are African Americans and females, materials might be copied or adjusted for edifying purposes if truly credited.People (both adolescents and grown-ups) are displayed to restricting generalizations through different media outlets (e.g., plugs, compose shows, magazines) and socialization. At a vivacious age, female understudies are displayed to generalizations about their execution in math and science-related assignments. Considering the visualization of that African Americans experience the shrewd effects of theory danger in conditions where subjective utmost is being endeavored. Different (notwithstanding the way that not all) considers concerning the effect of hypothesis peril on females look at this ponder inside the math district (von Hippel, Sekaquaptewa and McFarlane, 2015). As needs be, female students are run up against with the trial of slandering (or not confirming) the negative hypothesis. Execution decrements have been found in young females as perfect on time as review school. Take a gander at keeps displaying that hypothesis hazard routinely prompts a decrement in execution (Schmader, Lobby and Croft, 2015). Theory begin in this setting fundamentally joins making one's interest in a party astounding. Enacting stereotypical sentiments identified with theory danger may consolidate telling females that an examination they will take evaluates math or science restrict (Christy and Fox, 2014). Given the extensively held conviction concerning females' under performance showed up contrasting to the connection to that of the males in such spaces, in a general sense saying that the errand fuses sex contrasts and that it joins these specific zones is satisfactory t o induce sex generalizations and thus affect hypothesis possibility. Late research uncovers that hypothesis in citation is a central segment for authorizing the risk in theories. These outcomes offer data into the bit of vitality on execution under states of theory risk. Past researches have put that pressure that might be responsible for the reduced execution that ascents on theory related attempts in this way of encountering hypothesis hazard (Regner et al., 2014). The possible results of this study in like way showed a relationship among nervousness and test execution; in any case, there was flawed confirmation concerning whether uneasiness was a go between theory danger and execution. Regardless of the way that the consequences of studies looking still can't give solid fortify that uneasiness itself intervenes the relationship between theory hazard and execution, take a gander at on mental and physiological vitality has been more practical (Walton, Murphy and Ryan, 2015). While endeavoring to see how theory chance differently impacts the execution in individuals, two or three experts have dismembered singular contrasts, for example, zone or collecting perceiving confirmation. This overview demonstrated that White men who perceived exceptionally with math performed more ghastly on a math test than those in a non-hypothesis risk condition when opposed with the peril that Asians perform supported in math over do whatever other social event (Aronson et al., 2013).Along these lines, the overall public do relate to the range that are most at danger for permitting theory peril to undermine their execution. One review found that hypothesis danger can even influence bunches that are not commonly censured when they see exceedingly with the space and are run up against with theory shot (Spencer, Logel and Davies, 2015). Disgracing the recognition suggests that the care that an individual has concerning his or her reprimanded status in light of a party selection. Begi nning late, several specialists have endorsed that it is a solidification of a few instruments that causes hypothesis danger to effect execution prescribe that a mix of physiological, stacked with feeling, and subjective philosophy all incite the negative outcomes that theory chance has on execution. This theory recommends that: 1) a physiological anxiety reaction made by a state of hypothesis risk prompts decrements in working memory; 2) hypothesis peril makes individuals screen themselves and their execution intentionally, which prompts less competent lead at work that ought to be done; and 3) theory chance makes individuals share in more self-course frameworks. Distinctive results are associated with the experience of hypothesis hazard. Most research looks danger that has concentrated on inspecting execution decrements on attempts for which there is a hypothesis as for execution in the space (e.g., females performing lower on calculating related assignments or tests; women perfor ming lower on science related errands). For example, past research uncovers that when racial minorities are taught that they will take a test that measures subjective farthest point, resulting execution is lessened. Notwithstanding demolished execution, theory hazard has some of extra results including decreased wishes to study math and science-related fields in school, and impact on an individual's targets to search for after specific sorts of occupation. The experience of hypothesis danger can square execution in any zone for which there is a completely held theory. Hypothesis risk has also been appeared to on the other hand effect females' execution in the zone of building. In particular, females perform recognizably more terrible than men while illustrating exams are seen as definite as opposed to non-symptomatic or sex sensible. Along these lines, theory danger can horribly impact execution on various assignments (either edifying or non-instructive related undertaking) and for an accumulation of people. This crippled execution wonders females' capacity to go into such spaces (e.g., illustrating calling) and may to some degree clear up the under-portrayal of females in science, improvement, building, and calculating. Thus, women in science, headway, plotting, and math related majors may undoubtedly change their majors than various females, especially on the off chance that they encounter hypothesis possibility. Out and out, theory chance has distinctive results, a broad portion of which are negative in nature. Hypothesis peril can impede execution, and furthermore may really demolish people from searching for after specific majors and occupations (Christy and Fox, 2014). Future researches While contemplating the inclusion that were more settled in the masses gave us some data regarding the differing parts of theory risk, it is dark in the matter of whether the impacts are as solid in more vivacious people groups, and whether there are unmistakable structures that may influence the effect of hypothesis danger on execution in more youthful understudies. In context of the a considerable measure of stream research seeing school created understudies and moreover the nonattendance of constrain research with respect to more enthusiastic people groups, we accept that hypothesis risk impacts understudies of any age. It is basic; in any case, that future research unequivocally looks at the different parts of hypothesis peril in more youthful masses. Reference list Aronson, J., Burgess, D., Phelan, S. M., Juarez, L. (2013). Unhealthy interactions: the role of stereotype threat in health disparities. American journal of public health, 103(1), 50-56. Christy, K. R., Fox, J. (2014). Leaderboards in a virtual classroom: A test of stereotype threat and social comparison explanations for women's math performance. Computers Education, 78, 66-77. Erman, S., Walton, G. M. (2014). Stereotype threat and antidiscrimination law: affirmative steps to promote meritocracy and racial equality in education. S. Cal. L. Rev., 88, 307. Gupta, V. K., Goktan, A. B., Gunay, G. (2014). Gender differences in evaluation of new business opportunity: A stereotype threat perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(2), 273-288. Kulik, C. T. (2014). Spotlight on the context: how a stereotype threat framework might help organizations to attract and retain older workers. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 7(03), 456-461. Lamont, R. A., Swift, H. J., Abrams, D. (2015). A review and meta-analysis of age-based stereotype threat: Negative stereotypes, not facts, do the damage. Lewis, N. A., Sekaquaptewa, D. (2016). Beyond test performance: a broader view of stereotype threat. Current Opinion in Psychology, 11, 40-43. Rgner, I., Steele, J. R., Ambady, N., Thinus-Blanc, C., Huguet, P. (2014). Our future scientists: A review of stereotype threat in girls from early elementary school to middle school. Revue internationale de psychologie sociale, 27(3), 13-51. Schmader, T., Hall, W., Croft, A. (2015). Stereotype threat in intergroup relations. Spencer, S. J., Logel, C., Davies, P. G. (2016). Stereotype threat. Annual review of psychology, 67, 415-437. von Hippel, C., Sekaquaptewa, D., McFarlane, M. (2015). Stereotype threat among women in finance: Negative effects on identity, workplace well-being, and recruiting. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 39(3), 405-414. Walton, G. M., Murphy, M. C., Ryan, A. M. (2015). Stereotype threat in organizations: implications for equity and performance. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., 2(1), 523-550.

Business operation at Oz Supermarket

Questions: 1. Report for outlining the business operation? 2. Additional option to improve the customer service? Answers: Introduction: The retail industry deals with selling of the goods along with merchandise from any particular location. These locations might include the boutique or kiosk and department store. It further may come from small and individual lots or mail from the direct consumption done by the customers. It might also include services that are subordinated like the delivery (Lewrick et al., 2015). The Oz Supermarket has been one of such retail chains which are built to decrease the exit queues towards the check out point. Besides the important economic flow and ebb in the buying seasons the retail industry has been facing various problems overall. These are often dealt with. The following report explores the outlining of the retail operation. In order to achieve its aim, the steps undertaken are also assessed. Recommendations are made to improve the business process. 1. Outlining the analysis of the business operation: The purchasers in retail may exist in the form of both business and individuals. Any retailer buys products or goods in huge quantities from the importers and manufactures in commerce. This can be done directly or via the wholesaler. Then it is sold in smaller quantities to the end-user. The retail establishments have been referred to as the stores or shops. The retailers lie at the end part of the supply chain (ifci, Ekinci Whyatt, 2014). The manufacturing markets view the retailing process as an urgent section of the distribution strategy overall. The term retailer can be applied where any service provider also delivers the requirements of huge number of customers. The electricity power for the public utility can be a good example of it. For the organizations like Oz Supermarket, the shops may lie on the residential streets or the shopping streets. It may consist of very little houses in a shopping mall. There could also be no house at all (Rezaei, Fahim, Tavasszy, 2014). Further, the shopping streets might be for the pedestrians only. In several cases the shops might possess a full or incomplete roof to protect the customers. The online retailing is a type of the electronic commerce. It is used for the B2C or the business-to-customer transactions and orders from mail. These are the forms of the non-shop retailing. The shopping is indicated as the act to buy products. In several cases it might be done for the necessities like clothing and food. On the other hand, in some cases it can be performed as any recreational activity. The recreational shopping often deals with just looking at and not buying. This is termed as the window shopping (Zakaria et al., 2014). For the non-shopping criterion it can be turned as only browsing that ultimately does not result in purchasing. The Oz Supermarket as adopted the PayWave technology for its customers. It is the latest, secure and contactless technology. One can spend less time at the cash counter. Further it provides freedom to perform the activities that the client wishes to. It never accepts any cash. The customer has to enter the card given during the entry for passing. There are special readers called RFID that are kept installed at the trolleys. As soon as any item is picked or selected, it becomes queued for the payment. Whenever it has been removed the item gets deleted. The customers go on bagging their items while shopping. As the shopping is finished, technically the customer has been absent from the store. The sum total of the items purchased is charged automatically to the user as he walks out of the shop. There has been no queue at the check-out point (Zolnowski, Wei Bohmann, 2014). There could be many customers who are devoid of such cards. This includes the children or the tourists. They approach at the front disk to deposit cash temporarily. They are issued with a PayWave card provided by the store. This allows them in shopping. They are capable of leaving the store just like other customers. The balance is needed to give back in cash. It may also be recorder in the database for balancing during future visits (Amin Broadbent, 2015). Whenever there has been any insufficient amount to cover up any purchases the alarm is set to be ringing. The tag to each item with the RFID chips exerts additional overheads. The store manages the cost as interest from the customers who had been in rush. The summary stations of the shopping have been placed strategically in every corner of the store. It allows the customers to observe the in detailed list of the items present in trolley (Hanerlio?ullar?, ?en Aktun, 2016). The store parks of car have been also timed by the minut e when the shopping period is at its peak. During the non-peak times the rates of car park has been lower. The disabling of the parking has been free. Recommendations to the business: The recommendations to Oz Supermarket are as follows: The using of the cloud-based software: It can be helpful in tracking and managing the inventory within real time. This is due to the reason that the retailers has been struggling to balance the customer behavior that are uncertain. They also further face problems from the complex and long supply chains. So, the cloud based software is helpful to make into use. Making sure that the supply chain and the marketing supply chains are in synchronization: Whenever there has been any executing of a promotion, many retailers unnoticed or avoid the alignment in marketing teams and supply chain. The above recommendation is important if any successful launching of the promotion is desired (Pantano, 2017). Reducing the turnover: The employee turnover has been a vital factor disrupting the productivity of retail. It has been hard to get the best out of every individual. It occurs when the team members has been leaving constantly to pursue additional scopes. By engaging them more, the retailers extend the presence of any employee. This saves them money and time. Conclusion: From the very first, the retailers along with their suppliers have been focusing on delivering quality goods to more number of distributions. This was also meant to be done faster. However, in the present scenario they have been under more pressure than before. The retailers require knowing the places where the things are at every time in order to stay competitive. This helps in redirecting the shipments, responding to latest demands and rebalances the inventories that are on fly. Additionally, they might face any barrier regarding the supply chain. Moreover, they could be unable to receive products in the stores or to the customers. In such cases the retailers along with their suppliers risk in losing their customers. For this reason the above recommendations might be useful. 2. Option to improve customer service (direct interaction with the customers): The retail business posses direct communication with the end-users of the services and goods within the value chain. This business acts as the intermediate force between the suppliers and end-users like the manufacturers or the wholesalers. Thus they have in the situation to interact effectively to the changing preferences and responses of the clients towards the sales person or suppliers of the company. This has helped the markets and the manufacturers to define their products again. The changes to the components of the strategy of marketing are also done accordingly (McWilliams, Anitsal Anitsal, 2016). The manufacturers have needed an effective network for retail. This has been both for the products reach and obtaining a strong platform for point-of-purchase advertising and promotions. The importance of the retailing in the overall value chain is needed to be realized while interacting with the customers. In this manner various manufacturers have intruded into the business of retail. They have set up various exclusive stores for their companys brands. Direct interaction with the customers has not only occurred here but this method has also served as the advertisement for the firm. It has also helped in delivering the manufacturers by bargaining ability with other retailers. These other retailers are those who have stocked the product of the retailers of the business concerned here (Cartwright, 2013). Moreover, the retailing process has also provided extensive sales, supporting of people for products. These have been intensive in information like the cases of consumer durables. Suggestions for improving business or service operation of retail: Customer feedback: The environment of the retail store acts as a unique role in current world of technologies. The customers create relationships with the firms by various channels and devices (Lee, 2014). However, there are instances where element of the in-person interaction are added in the firms. Here the associates represent voice and face of the company. The use of surveys gathering the voice of customer indicates about the experience at the store. This has been an effective method top understand the associate. The measurement of the impact of the tactical behaviors is done here. Adding various tactical questions of behavioral type helps in identifying particular behaviors of the associates. The quantifying of their influence on the satisfaction of the customer also helps. Moreover, the satisfaction of the customer could be tied to the bottom line. This could be done by looking at the behavioral information along with transactional information. This helps in understanding the primary behaviors ha s been influencing the revenue. Everyone should be involved in the feedback process. As the corporate believe in anything as important, it helps the staffs to understand their responsibility in the success of the company. This motivates them to continue quality work. The tracking and socializing of progress occurs in the customer feedback process. Here the results of progress are needed to be tracked. In the executive level, regular reports are needed to be sent indicating the influence of minor improvements. It is also done due to designate any executive champion socializing results from below (Ivanauskien? Volung?nait?, 2014). Lastly the celebrations of victories are done. As any staff feel recognized and are appreciated for their quality activities, they become more receptive towards the constructive criticism. Product quality review: The significance of product quality review should be considered in retail. This is due to its higher quality in price relation and the value for customer. The product qualities are assessed by eight dimensions of product quality. They are product features, product performance, product conformance, serviceability, perceived quality, durability and aesthetics of products. Highly competitive and intensified industry of retails has been compelling companies to go through the strategies yielding larger value for the customers (Germann et al., 2014). Various small retailers would be unable to survive in the market due to the big retailers providing higher value from the perspective of quality of service and quality of product. The negative product quality review can effect in declining the quality of the product. Despite this, there have been various positive aspects to the e-commerce. The issue of decline in quality of product can be eradicated in near future. This must be alarming to the makers of public policy and consumers those who champion the relevance of the online shopping (Choi et al., 2015). In the current competitive market of retailing, as there is any improvement in the service quality the expectation of the customer and the lateral demands at the level of service improves with time. Using the Customer Relationship Management software: These types of software are also useful in managing the experience of the customers. The Customer Relationship Management or CRM software covers a wide collection of application. It is designed to businesses control various processes. This includes automate sales, knowledge and training, resources or assets, marketing, customer support and customer interaction. As the CRM software helps in managing the relationship between the business and the customer, likewise the CRM software systems are utilized to manage various elements (Pousttchi Hufenbach, 2014). This includes the contact wins, sales leads, clients, contacts, enterprise and the employees. The current software is highly customizable and scalable. They view the opportunities of the business with the predictive analytics. It also includes personalized customer services and streamlines operations. This has been on the basis of the known history of the customer. The prior interactions of them with the business are also looked at. However, the CRM has been difficult to use in several cases. The main concerns of the CRM solutions have been the security, scalability and stability as an Enterprise Application. The usability has never been the main portion of CRM that has resulted in failure of software projects more often. This has been largely attributed to the undue complexity (Venkatesh, 2016). Despite these with the rise in adopting of the CRM applications, the current CRM software vendors utilize the usability as the central section of the products. References: Amin, A., Broadbent, D. (2015). Importance of Green Service Offerings for French, Dutch, Swedish and UK Retailers in their Selection of Transport Operators: A study of French, Dutch, Swedish and UK companies operating in the retail industry. Cartwright, J. (2013). A Comparative Case Approach of the Retail Industry: Comparing the Nature of HRM, Emotional Labour and the Influence of the Customer. Choi, S. H., Yang, Y. X., Yang, B., Cheung, H. H. (2015). Item-level RFID for enhancement of customer shopping experience in apparel retail.Computers in Industry,71, 10-23. ifci, S., Ekinci, Y., Whyatt, G. (2014, July). A cross validation of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) scales in fashion retail industry. In2014 Global Marketing Conference at Singapore(pp. 1459-1468). Germann, F., Lilien, G. L., Fiedler, L., Kraus, M. (2014). Do retailers benefit from deploying customer analytics?.Journal of Retailing,90(4), 587-593. Hanerlio?ullar?, G., ?en, A., Aktun, E. A. (2016). Demand uncertainty and inventory turnover performance: An empirical analysis of the US retail industry.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,46(6/7), 681-708. Ivanauskien?, N., Volung?nait?, J. (2014). Relations between service quality and customer loyalty: An empirical investigation of retail chain stores in emerging markets.American International Journal of Social Science,3(2), 113-120. Lee, W. H. (2014). A Study on the Customer Behavior of Using Retail Industry Application. Lewrick, M., Williams, R., Maktoba, O., Tjandra, N., Lee, Z. C. (2015). Radical and incremental innovation effectiveness in relation to market orientation in the retail industry: triggers, drivers, and supporters.Successful Technological Integration for Competitve Advantage in Retail Settings, IGI Global, 239-268. McWilliams, A., Anitsal, I., Anitsal, M. M. (2016). Customer versus Employee Perceptions: A Review of Self-Service Technology Options as Illustrated in Self-Checkouts in US Retail Industry.Academy of Marketing Studies Journal,20(1), 79. Pantano, E., Priporas, C. V., Sorace, S., Iazzolino, G. (2017). Does innovation-orientation lead to retail industry growth? Empirical evidence from patent analysis.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,34, 88-94. Pousttchi, K., Hufenbach, Y. (2014). Engineering the value network of the customer interface and marketing in the data-rich retail environment.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,18(4), 17-42. Rezaei, J., Fahim, P. B., Tavasszy, L. (2014). Supplier selection in the airline retail industry using a funnel methodology: Conjunctive screening method and fuzzy AHP.Expert Systems with Applications,41(18), 8165-8179. Venkatesh, J. (2016). RFID technology: improving efficiencies and creating a better customer experience in retail industry.International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering,6(12), 81-94. Zakaria, I., Rahman, B. A., Othman, A. K., Yunus, N. A. M., Dzulkipli, M. R., Osman, M. A. F. (2014). The relationship between loyalty program, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in retail industry: A case study.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,129, 23-30. Zolnowski, A., Wei, C., Bohmann, T. (2014, January). Representing Service Business Models with the Service Business Model Canvas--The Case of a Mobile Payment Service in the Retail Industry. Insystem sciences (HICSS), 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 718-727). IEEE.

Compare the attitudes the poets have towards death. You should look at Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke Essay Example

Compare the attitudes the poets have towards death. You should look at Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke Essay I am going to compare Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke with Death of a Naturalist by Seamus Heaney. They are both about death in their own special way. In Cold Knap Lake, the person almost dies and Death of a Naturalist is about the persons enthusiasm of nature dying. They are both autobiographical because it is the poets own experience they are writing about. I am then going to compare The Laboratory and My Last Duchess. These two are also about death but also about murder. In My Last Duchess, the person speaking ahs already committed the murder but in The Laboratory, the speaker is deciding how to commit the murder on her lovers girlfriend. Both of these poems are dramatic monologues and they are both fiction. Cold Knap Lake starts off with it sounding like the girl has drowned, then it changes pace when she comes alive and then ends with a different type of death. At the beginning, the crowd sees her being pulled out of the lake and all believe that she is dead. Blue-lipped and dressed in waters long green silk she lay for dead. When it mentions about what she wore, it sounds like she has been in the lake for a while. On lines ten and eleven, there is alliteration to show the crowd feeling as though she is dead. The second half of the poem is slightly happier because, after the girl has been given the kiss of life, she is alive. The colour scheme is changed from cold colours e.g. blue to warm colours e.g. rosy. The child is then hit by her father for getting into trouble. In the last two lines of the poem, there is a death of a different sort. This is the death of memories that lie beneath the water. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare the attitudes the poets have towards death. You should look at Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Compare the attitudes the poets have towards death. You should look at Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Compare the attitudes the poets have towards death. You should look at Cold Knap Lake by Gillian Clarke specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In Death of a Naturalist, there is a death but of a different nature. This is the death of the enthusiasm for nature and the birth of maturity. The first verse is talking about all the horrible things, all the things that little boys should like. By the second verse, all the tadpoles have grown into frogs and Seamus Heaney does not like it. He finds them revolting as he has finally seen them in a different light. Best of all was the warm thick slobber explains that at the start of the summer, he was into all things that were disgusting. I think he enjoyed his lessons with Miss Walls at the start because he has remembered them. After the second stanza, you get the impression that he will never like frogs again. Cold Knap Lake and Death of a Naturalist will be compared to My Last Duchess by Robert Browning. This is about the Duke of Ferrara talking to the Counts messenger about a painting that is on the wall. The painting is of the Dukes dead Duchess Looking as if she were alive. The Duke was jealous of his wifes beauty and attention she got from other men but he would not admit it. As he was so jealous, he got someone to kill her for him which, to me, shows that he is gutless. The Laboratory, also by Browning, is also about murder. This murder, however, has not yet taken place. It is very obvious from the start of the poem that she is planning murder whereas in My Last Duchess, you have to search for hints that the Duchess has been killed. Both the poems are dramatic monologues which means that there is only one person talking throughout the poem. In The Laboratory, you start to feel sorry for the girl as you know that she wants to poison the girl that her lover has fallen for. This is also about jealousy, yet this girl has admitted it. As they are both fiction, you know that they are not autobiographical. My favourite poem out of the four has to be The Laboratory. This is because, of all the beautiful descriptions of the potions: soft phial, the exquisite blue. gold oozings come sure to taste sweetly, is that poison too? all three of these descriptions sound like something from the Harry Potter books as they sound all magical and mysterious as you wonder if they are poisons or love potions.

lfes far flung raw materials essays

lfes far flung raw materials essays Sometime during our lives, we've questioned ourselves at one point just how long has the earth existed and how did life begin? Our Biology book written by: Solomon, Berg, and Martin, shows theories that has taught us that earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old, and the earliest pieces of life form found was dated back to approximately 3.8 billion years old. This only leaves a time space of 800 million years between the formation of earth and the creation of life. Since then, new theories have shown that life may have originated earlier then they thought. From Bernstein, Sanford, and Allamandolas' article, "Life's Far-Flung Raw Materials" comes the theory that only about 100 million years after the earliest possible point for earth to support life, evidence shows that organisms were already flourishing. But with the amount of time between this, it almost seems impossible, but not if something were to help the process like space compounds. Christopher Chyba has the leading idea that these space particles did in fact bring in the planet's water and atmospheric gases. These space organisms are thought to be responsible for making our earth habitable by bringing in water and gas molecules which would provide our atmosphere and oceans. Also, that the space debris was needed to build life and could have even started the first cellular processes. These space molecules could have absorbed UV-rays from the sun, helping out the weaker molecules, and converting the light energy made into chemical food, which is essential for photosynthesis. Miller showed that the planets first single celled organisms came from a process of chemical steps which is possible for the building blocks of life. It is stated that everyday, tons of space dust falls to the earth's surface, some found containing 50% organic carbon, bringing in about 30 tons of organic material. So not only do some scientists argue about space particles bringi...

A Proposal on the Negative Implications of Social Networking in the Research Paper

A Proposal on the Negative Implications of Social Networking in the 21st Century - Research Paper Example Ethics and wellbeing of the people in the society is a very important aspect that should be considered by everyone. Societal evils lower the quality of life while presenting individuals to harm. In the earlier days, harm was inflicted on individuals mainly physically, however, with the invention of computer technologies, there has been a paradigm. In the modern context, people can effectively communicate through the social networks and engage in many ways through this virtual mode. Despite the ability to transact positive deeds, malicious individuals, and groups have used social networking as a mode of gaining an advantage over others. Such evils have happened not only been directed to individuals but also to businesses and other organizations, including government agencies.   In the recent past, media reports have indicated that social networks have become one of the main platforms for executing cybercrime.   This is based on the view that social networking is a recent technolog y that is now attracting interest. This forms the basis for developing a research proposal in order to have a study that conclusively draws findings on the negative influence of social media o the society today. In addition, it is also apparent that social networking has not reached its maximum growth, this means that as the networks continue to develop, so are the associated evils; hence, it is likely that so an all networking evils will have a bigger impact in the society if they are not addressed through research.  

Business Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Economics - Essay Example Wessels however points out that this does not necessarily mean that the citizens of the US have better living standard than their counterparts in the UK. (21). GDP therefore cannot be used as the sole factor in measuring the living standards of the citizens of a country. However chances are that a country with a high GDP has a better standard of living than that with a low GDP. So what encompasses GDP' Well there are a number of components which when added together make up the GDP of a country. According to Sowell, they include Consumption which is denoted by letter C, Investment which is denoted by letter I, spending by government and finally exports and imports denoted by letter X and M respectively. Consumption refers to all the money spent by citizens of a country in buying goods and services which they expect will satisfy their needs. This includes money spent on food, purchase of new clothes as well as entertainment. (50-51) Sowell further notes that spending by the government is another component of the GDP. For example the UK government spends money to buy new military equipment and also pay its workers. (70).This expenditure is also part of the country's GDP. Investments into an economy are also used in calculation of the Gross Domestic Product. ... To get the accurate value of GDP economist add the value of all goods produced in a country and then subtract the value of all goods which are imported. The total components of GDP is expressed mathematically as Y=C+I+G+(X-M). (Sowell 80-81) Wessels notes that measuring GDP is critical if economists are to determine the rate of growth of an economy. "In measuring GDP economists use two major methods, the expenditure method and the income approach". (qtd.in Wessels 71). The expenditure approach involves adding the total amount of money spent on final goods. In this case, GDP equals C+I+G+ (NX) where NX represents gross exports. The income approach involves adding all the income received by citizens of a country either through compensation, income from rental property, and profits of corporate organizations. Mathematically this can be expressed as GDP= Employee Compensation+Rental Income+Corporate Profits+Net Interest+Proprietor profits. UK GDP Figure for the year 2009 The GDP of the UK is estimated to be worth '315.5billion. What does this mean' The figure indicated above means that the total value of all goods produced in the UK in the 2008 to 2009 financial year amounts to '315.5 billion. This makes it the sixth largest economy in the world and third largest in Europe. How well did the GDP grow in 2009' In measuring the GDP of an economy, economists divide a given year into quarters. The growth of the economy in each quarter is measured and then a comparison is made with the previous quarter so as to note the difference which constitutes actual growth.(Wessels 55). For instance in the UK economy, GDP fell by 0.4% in the third quarter of 2009. In the second quarter of the same year GDP declined by a value of 0.6%. In

Venue Management for Events. The Emirates Stadium Essay

Venue Management for Events. The Emirates Stadium - Essay Example This tier can carry a total of 2, 222 spectators in total. The box prices start at ?65,000 per year inclusive of V.A.T. and caters for all the home league games and any other played at the Emirates stadium. The Emirates Stadium (Picture courtesy of Arsenal.com) The Diamond Club is the next tier and represents the most exclusive area in the stadium. This is a place that hosts only invited guests and the ticket prices are ?25,000 in advance plus an additional ?25,000 a year. The high demand for tickets in London coupled with the fact that the people living in London are relatively wealthy implies that the ticket sales from the premium seating and the corporate boxes are very high (Chung, & Hwang, 2010). The picture measures 105 by 68 meters with a total grass area of 113 by 76 meters running from north to south. The players’ tunnel and the dugouts are placed on the western side of the pitch just below the main television camera. The away fans are placed in the south- eastern cor ner of the lower tier. The configuration of the away fans can however be expanded from the current 1,500 seats to about 4,500 depending on the demand. This extension has been provided for by the lower and the upper tiers. This stadium has enough space for the travelling fans as required by the Football Association (FA). An aerial view of the Emirates Stadium (Picture courtesy of Arsenal.com) The upper tier has been contoured in order to leave some open space in the ground corners and the roof is equally inward canted. These features are meant to facilitate the flow of air and sunlight to the pitch. These are very vital elements because both players and fans need a good supply of both light and fresh air. The... The paper tells that Emirates Stadium also inbuilt conference holes that accommodates various events like music shows, wedding ceremonies and big meetings. The stadium also well structured roofs that provide shade and shelter to the fans with the centre part left open to allow penetration of sunlight into the pitch. The environment surrounding the stadium is well ventilated as depicted by the contoured walls to provide goods circulation of air. The regions surrounding the stadium are highly secured with security inspection starting at the railway stations before journeying towards the pitch. Entrance of fans is high controlled as the technology system at the gates only allows individuals with smartcards to get access of the stadium during matches. The interior of the Emirates Stadium is highly beautified with green coloured grasses on the pitch and conspicuous red colours dominating the stadium. In addition, the stadium is installed with high tech cameras and big television screens t hat offer exemplary view for distant fans within the stadium. The stadium also has inbuilt catering section and food shop that provide easy meal to fans at very affordable prices. Accessing the stadium is somehow very easy as can be evidenced by good network of roads and railway lines just passing near the stadium. In order to ensure further security, parking is never allowed around or near the stadium and vehicles is usually parked at residential streets that are meters away from the stadium thereby compelling fans to walk for few minutes to the stadium.

Analog vs digital communication

Analog vs digital communication Table of Contents Introduction Communication System Definition Analog Communication Digital Communication Advantages of Digital Communication Disadvantages of Digital Communication Comparison of Analog and Digital Communication 1. INTRODUCTION: Analog Communication is a data transmitting technique in a format that utilizes continuous signals to transmit data including voice, image, video, electrons etc. An analog signal is a variable signal continuous in both time and amplitude which is generally carried by use of modulation. Digital communicationsis the physical transfer ofdata over a point-to-point or point-to-multipointtransmission medium. Examples of such media arecopper wires,optical fibers,wirelesscommunication media, andstorage media. 2. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Communications is the field of study concerned with the transmission of information through various means. It can also be defined as technology employed in transmitting messages. It can also be defined as the inter-transmitting the content of data (speech, signals, pulses etc.) from one node to another. A communication system is a combination of processes and the hardware used to accomplish the transfer of the Information (communication). Acommunications subsystemis afunctional unitoroperational assemblythat is smaller than the larger assembly under consideration. Examples of communications subsystems in theDefense Communications System(DCS) are: (a)A satellite linkwith oneEarth terminalinCONUSand one in Europe (b)The interconnect facilities at each Earth terminal of the satellite link (c)An optical fiber cablewith its driver and receiver in either of the interconnect facilities. Communication subsystem (b) basically consists of a receiver,frequency translatorand a transmitter. It also containstranspondersand other transponders in it andcommunication satellitecommunication system receives signals from theantenna subsystem. A communication system providesus only with a channel for the mutual informationexchange which is not apriori dedicated to certain categories ofinformationonly. Communication system consists of Analog and Digital communication. 3. ANALOG COMMUNICATION Analog communication is a communication method of conveying voice, data, image, signal or video information using a continuous signal which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property in proportion to that of a variable. It could be the transfer of an analog source signal using an analog modulation method such as FM or AM, or no modulation at all. Analog transmission is still very popular, in particular for shorter distances, due to significantly lower costs and complex multiplexing and timing equipment is unnecessary, and in small short-haul systems that simply do not need multiplexed digital transmission. However, in situations where a signal often has high signal-to-noise ratio and cannot achieve source linearity, or in long distance, high output systems, analog is unattractive due to attenuation problems. Furthermore, as digital techniques continue to be refined, analog systems are increasingly becoming legacy equipment. Recently, some nations, such as the Netherlands, have completely ceased analog transmissions on certain media, such as television, for the purposes of the government saving money. Analog systems are very tolerant to noise, make good use of bandwidth, and are easy to manipulate mathematically. However, analog signals require hardware receivers and transmitters that are designed to perfectly fit the particular transmission. If you are working on a new system, and you decide to change your analog signal, you need to completely change your transmitters and receivers. Analog signals are signals with continuous values. Analog signals are used in many systems, although the use of analog signals has declined with the advent of cheap digital signals. 4. DIGITAL COMMUNICATION Digital communications is the physical transfer of data(a digital bit stream) over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission medium. Examples of such media are copper wires,optical fibers,wireless communication media, and storage media. The data is often represented as an electro-magnetic signal, such as an electrical voltage signal or an infra-red signal. Data transmitted may be digital messages originating from a data source, for example a computer or a keyboard. It may also be ananalog signal such as a phone call or a video signal,digitized into a bit-stream for example using pulse-code modulation(PCM) or more advanced source coding(data compression) schemes. This source coding and decoding is carried out by codec equipment. Digital communication enables the data to be transmitted in an efficient manner through the use of digitally encoded information sent through data signals. These data signals are easily compressed and, as such, can be transmitted with accuracy and speed. Unlike in an analog communications where the continuity of a varying signal can not be broken, in a digital communication a digital transmission can be broken down into packets as discrete messages. Transmitting data in discrete messages not only facilitates the error detection and correction but also enables a greater signal processing capability. Digital communication has, in large part, replaced analog communication as the ideal form of transmitting information through computer and mobile technologies. The information source generates particular symbols at a particular rate. The source encoder translates these symbols in sequences of 0s and 1s. The channel encoder is oriented towards translating sequences of 0s and 1s to other sequences of 0s and 1s, to realize high transmission reliability and efficiency. The modulator accepts streams of 0s and 1s, and converts them to electrical waveforms suitable for transmission. The communication channel provides the electrical connection between the source and destination. It has a finite bandwidth, and the waveform transmitted suffers from amplitude distortion and phase distortion. In addition to distortion, power is decreased due to attenuation of the channel. Finally, the waveform is corrupted by unwanted electrical signals, referred to as noise. The primary objective of a communication system is to suppress the bad effects of noise as much as possible. The inverse process takes place at the destination side. The demodulator converts the electrical waveforms to sequences of 0s and 1s, the channel decoder translates the sequence of 0s and 1s to the original sequence of 0s and 1s. It also performs error correction and clock recovery. The source decoder finally translates the sequence of 0s and 1s into symbols. 5. ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION: a). It is fast and easier. b). No paper is wasted. c). The messages can be stored in the device for longer times, without being damaged, unlike paper files that easily get damages or attacked by insects. d). Digital communication can be done over large distances through internet and other things. e). It is comparatively cheaper and the work which requires a lot of people can be done simply by one person as folders and other such facilities can be maintained. f). It removes semantic barriers because the written data can be easily chaned to different languages using software. g). It provides facilities like video conferencing which save a lot of time, money and effort. 6. DISADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATION: a). It is unreliable as the messages cannot be recognised by signatures. Though software can be developed for this, yet the software can be easily hacked. b). Sometimes, the quickness of digital communication is harmful as messages can be sent with the click of a mouse. The person does not think and sends the message at an impulse. c). Digital Communication has completely ignored the human touch. A personal touch cannot be established because all the computers will have the same font! d). The establishment of Digital Communication causes degradation of the environment in some cases. Electronic waste is an example. The vibes given out by the telephone and cell phone towers are so strong that they can kill small birds. In fact the common sparrow has vanished due to so many towers coming up as the vibrations hit them on the head. e). Digital Communication has made the whole world to be an office. The people carry their work to places where they are supposed to relax. The whole world has been made into an office. Even in the office, digital communication causes problems because personal messages can come on your cell phone, internet, etc. f). Many people misuse the efficiency of Digital Communication. 7. COMPARISON OF ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION ANALOG Analog signals are signals with continuous values. Analog signals are used in many systems, although the use of analog signals has declined with the advent of cheap digital signals. Analog systems are very tolerant to noise, make good use of bandwidth, and are easy to manipulate mathematically. However, analog signals require hardware receivers and transmitters that are designed to perfectly fit the particular transmission. If you are working on a new system, and you decide to change your analog signal, you need to completely change your transmitters and receivers. DIGITAL Digital signals are signals that are represented by binary numbers, 1 or 0. The 1 and 0 values can correspond to different discrete voltage values, and any signal that doesnt quite fitinto the scheme just gets rounded off. Digital signals are intolerant to noise, and digital signals can be completely corrupted in the presence of excess noise. In digital signals, noise could cause a 1 to be interpreted as a 0 and vice versa, which makes the received data different than the original data. Imagine if the army transmitted a position coordinate to a missile digitally, and a single bit was received in error? This single bit error could cause a missile to miss its target by miles. Luckily, there are systems in place to prevent this sort of scenario, such as checksums and CRCs, which tell the receiver when a bit has been corrupted and ask the transmitter to resend the data. The primary benefit of digital signals is that they can be handled by simple, standardized receivers and transmitters, and the signal can be then dealt with in software (which is comparatively cheap to change). Analog communication systems, amplitude modulation (AM) radio being a typifying example, can inexpensively communicate a bandlimited analog signal from one location to another (point-to-point communication) or from one point to many (broadcast). Although it is not shown here, the coherent receiver provides the largest possible signal-to-noise ratio for the demodulated message.An analysis of this receiver thus indicates that some residual error will always be present in an analog systems output. Although analog systems are less expensive in many cases than digital ones for the same application, digital systems offer much more efficiency, better performance, and much greater flexibility. 1. Efficiency: The Source Coding Theorem allows quantification of just how complex a given message source is and allows us to exploit that complexity by source coding (compression). In analog communication, the only parameters of interest are message bandwidth and amplitude. We cannot exploit signal structure to achieve a more efficient communication system. 2. Performance: Because of the Noisy Channel Coding Theorem, we have a specific criterion by which to formulate error-correcting codes that can bring us as close to error-free transmission as we might want. Even though we may send information by way of a noisy channel, digital schemes are capable of error-free transmission while analog ones cannot overcome channel disturbances; see this problem for a comparison. 3. Flexibility: Digital communication systems can transmit real-valued discrete-time signals, which could be analog ones obtained by analog-to-digital conversion,andsymbolic-valued ones (computer data, for example). Any signal that can be transmitted by analog means can be sent by digital means, with the only issue being the number of bits used in A/D conversion (how accurately do we need to represent signal amplitude). Images can be sent by analog means (commercial television), but better communication performance occurs when we use digital systems (HDTV). In addition to digital communications ability to transmit a wider variety of signals than analog systems, point-to-point digital systems can be organized into global (and beyond as well) systems that provide efficient and flexible information transmission.Computer networks, explored in the next section, are what we call such systems today. Even analog-based networks, such as the telephone system, employ modern computer networking ideas rather than the purely analog systems of the past. Consequently, with the increased speed of digital computers, the development of increasingly efficient algorithms, and the ability to interconnect computers to form a communications infrastructure, digital communication is now the best choice for many situations. Advantages and disadvantages of analog vs digital communication: 1. The first advantage of digital communication against analog is its noise immunity.In any transmission path some unwanted voltage or noise is always present which cannot be eliminated fully.when signal is transmitted this noise gets added to the original signal causing the distortion of the signal.However in a digital communication at the receiving end this additive noise can be eliminated to great extent easily resulting in better recovery of actual signal. In the case of analog communication its difficult to remove the noise once added to the signal. 2. Security is the another priority of messaging the services in the modern days.The Digital communication provides better security to messages than the analog communication.It can be achieved through various coding techniques available in digital communication. 3. In a digital communication the signal is digitised to a stream of 0 s and 1 s. So at the receiver side a simple decision has to me made whether the received signal is a 0 or a 1.Accordingly the receiver circuit becomes simpler as compared to the analog receiver circuit. 4. When signal is travelling through its transmission path gets faded gradually. So on its path it needs to be reconstructed to its actual form and re-transmitted many times.For that reason AMPLIFIERS are used for analog communication and REPEATERS are used in digital communication.amplifiers are needed every 2 to 3 Kms apart where as repeaters are neede every 5 to 6 Kms apart.So definitely digital communication is cheaper.Amplifiers also often add non-linearities that distort the actual signal. 5. Bandwidth is another scarce resource.Various Digital communication techniques are available that use the available bandwidth much efficiently than analog communication techniques. 6. When audio and video signals are transmitted digitally an AD(Analog to Digital) converter is needed at tansmitting side and a DA(Digital to Analog) converter is again needed at receiver side.While transmitted in analog communication these devices are not needed. 7. Digital signals are often an approximation of the analog data(like voice or video) that is obtained through a process called quantisation. The digital representation is never the exact signal but its most closely approximated digital form.So its accuracy depends on the degree of approximation taken in quantisation process. Digital communication has several advantages over analog communication system. Some are explained below: 1. Analog circuits require amplifiers, and each amplifier adds distortion and noise to the signal. 2. In contrast, digital amplifiers regenerate an exact signal, eliminating cumulative errors. An incoming (analog) signal is sampled, its value is determined, and the node then generates a new signal from the bit value; the incoming signal is discarded. With analog circuits, intermediate nodes amplify the incoming signal, noise and all. 3. Voice, data, video, etc. can all by carried by digital circuits. What about carrying digital signals over analog circuit? The modem example shows the difficulties in carrying digital over analog.

The Development of Management Information Systems :: Business Management Studies

The Development of Management Information Systems The role of business information systems has changed and expanded over the last four decades. In the incipient decade (1950s and '60s), â€Å"electronic data processing systems† could be afforded by only the largest organizations. They were used to record and store bookkeeping data such as journal entries, specialized journals, and ledger accounts. This was strictly an operations support role. By the 1960s â€Å"management information systems† were used to generate a limited range of predefined reports, including income statements (they were called P & L’s back then), balance sheets and sales reports. They were trying to perform a decision making support role, but they were not up to the task. By the 1970s â€Å"decision support systems† were introduced. They were interactive in the sense that they allowed the user to choose between numerous options and configurations. Not only was the user allowed customizing outputs, they also could configure the programs to their specific needs. There was a cost though. As part of your mainframe leasing agreement, you typically had to pay to have an IBM system developer permanently on site. The main development in the 1980s was the introduction of decentralized computing. Instead of having one large mainframe computer for the entire enterprise, numerous PC’s were spread around the organization. This meant that instead of submitting a job to the computer department for batch processing and waiting for the experts to perform the procedure, each user had their own computer that they could customize for their own purposes. Many poor souls fought with the vagaries of DOS protocols, BIOS functions, and DOS batch programming. As people became comfortable with their new skills, they discovered all the things their system was capable of. Computers, instead of creating a paperless society, as was expected, produced mountains of paper, most of it valueless. Mounds of reports were generated just because it was possible to do so. This information overload was mitigated somewhat in the 1980s with the introduction of â€Å"executive information systems†. They streamlined the process, giving the executive exactly what they wanted, and only what they wanted. The 1980s also saw the first commercial application of artificial intelligence techniques in the form of â€Å"expert systems†. These programs could give advice within a very limited subject area. The promise of decision making support, first attempted in management information systems back in the 1960s, had step-by-step, come to

Dickens reveals Essay

Dickens reveals the extent of Pips moral decline when Joe comes to see him: Pip is far more arrogant and condescending. He hires a servant to announce Joe’s coming and dress himself up as well. He greets Joe with â€Å"Joe, how are you Joe? † very haughtily because Joe repeats it as Pip said it – â€Å"Pip, how AIR you Pip? † Joe is completely thrown and does not know how to react to the furnishings, decor, clothes and aura that Pip obviously thinks a gentleman should have. Pip regards Joe’s table manners with great disdain and embarrassment in front of Herbert as Joe â€Å"sat so far from the table, and dropped so much more than he ate, and pretended that he hadn’t dropped it† Dickens is showing how egotistical Pip has become because it wasn’t so long ago that he had exactly the same manners. Pip feels â€Å"impatient of him and out of temper with him. † Joe also notices Pip’s change and is aware of the gulf that is growing between them, Joe knows he’s â€Å"wrong in these clothes†¦ out of the forge†¦ the kitchen, or of th’marshes. † Joe doesn’t belong in Pip’s clothes in the same way that Pip doesn’t belong in his old world. By this time Pip is at the height of his self-important, arrogant, smug life. In Chapter 34 Dickens presents the start of Pip’s gradual moral recovery, although this is slow to begin as Pip and Herbert join the Finches of the Grove, a very expensive gentleman’s club who dined luxuriously and â€Å"spent a lot of money as we could, and got as little for it as people could make their minds up to give us†. They had no purpose apart from self gratification. Pip finally understands as he gets more and more into debt the effect this is having on Herbert: â€Å"My lavish habits led his easy nature into expenses he could not afford, corrupted the simplicity of his life and disturbed his peace with anxieties and regrets† As Pip grows accustomed to his great expectations he’s not comfortable and battles with his conscience over actions and feelings towards Joe and Biddy; he becomes wistful for his old life and thinks: â€Å"With a weariness on my spirit, that if I should have been happier and better if I had never seen Miss Havisham’s face, and had risen to manhood content to be partners with Joe in the honest old forge† He yearns for the forge fire instead of his fire in his gentlemanly residence, and wants Joe and his old life back although does little to achieve this. In contrast Dickens himself did not inherit his wealth but publicly strived and worked hard to achieve his goals, in fact one of the factors of his death was over working and so possibly didn’t approve of the idle rich’s lavish lives and spending. Dickens uses Magwitch’s revelation and Pip’s reaction to show Pip’s moral degeneration. When Pip first discovers that his benefactor is not Miss Havisham but Magwitch the convict he is aghast, he â€Å"seemed to be suffocating† such was the â€Å"abhorrence† of him and â€Å"the repugnance with which I shrank from him. † Pip has to swallow the bitter pill that his rise to the status of gentleman was caused by someone so low in society, and that cost him his relationship with Joe. He feels guilty and full of shame, but maybe if Pip was less concerned about his social status he would have been more sympathetic to the habits and needs of Magwitch. However, the convict holds power over Pip because Magwitch is his benefactor, its Magwitch’s money that has funded Pip’s life of comfort and luxury and Pip has become totally dependant on that money and in turn on the convict: â€Å"I began fully to know how wrecked I was, and how the ship in which I sailed was gone to pieces. † In Pip’s conversation with Herbert, following the revelation by Magwitch, Pip displays the growing awareness of his failings: â€Å"I am heavily in debt, very heavily for me, who have now no expectations and I have been bred to no calling, and I am fit for nothing. † Pip’s attitude now changes to Miss Havisham when he learns that she is no longer his benefactor and that she has hurt him on purpose in her attempt to antagonise her relatives. He becomes direct in talking to Miss Havisham and wants to know the truth and is quite confrontational – â€Å"when I fell into the mistake I have so long remained in, at least you led me on? † He questions Miss Havisham pushing her to admit that she deceived him and we now see that he is willing to stand up for what he believes and not be just a passive victim. Estella reports to him that she will be married to Drummle, Pip’s enemy, and at first he is grief-stricken but then he becomes earnest and selfless (the moral qualities of a gentleman) putting her happiness before his own, and pleading with her that she marry someone worthy of her, but not Drummle. Finally he blessed her in which ever path she takes and this is very thoughtful and generous of him, he asks her â€Å"don’t take him, and I can bear it better, for your sake. † Pip discovers that Molly is Estella’s mother and Magwitch is he father so it is ironic that her background is very similar in status to the life he was tempted away from. Despite the breeding of Estella and Miss Havisham they both chose in Drummle and Compeyson to marry men with none of the moral qualities that a gentleman should have. Pip is so concerned for Magwitch that he and his companions put together an escape plan, Pip’s willingness to do anything to save his friend who has â€Å"changed and softened† as much as Pip has is very clear and yet another attribute of a gentleman that Pip has gained. The reality of their situation is very obvious to Pip and â€Å"I thought of the night of his return when our places were reversed, and when I little supposed my heart could ever be as heavy and anxious at parting from him as it was now† All Pip’s repugnance of Magwitch has gone and in its place is love, care and compassion for a friend and father figure, virtues not apparent when Pip was rich with wealth but not morals. He stays with Magwitch after they are caught instead of trying to separate himself from the criminal character which used to disturb him so much at the height of his expectations. â€Å"In holding the hand that he stretched forth to me†, despite Magwitch’s request for Pip to disassociate with him at the trial, Pip shows his true morals by vowing to stay by his side. Pip publicly displays his support to his friend and doesn’t care who sees it or who doesn’t; all that matters to him is Magwitch. While caring for the sick convict in prison Pip waits out side before visiting hours and is allowed, by the guards, to stay after hours with Magwitch, which shows that event the guards who don’t know Pip, are touched by his behaviour. After Magwitch’s death Pip falls ill from the stress and Dickens uses the imagery of the fever burning away any snobbery and negative areas of gentlemanliness that hasn’t been removed already; this is a real push forward in Pips moral recuperation. He refers to Joe, who is caring for him, as â€Å"a gentle Christian man† and this implies what Dickens thought a gentleman should be: a man with Christian standards and morals at his centre. Pip is so overwhelmed by Joe’s kindness and feeling that he doesn’t deserve to have it, he demands that Joe: â€Å"look angry at me. Strike me, Joe, tell me of my ingratitude. Don’t be so good to me. † When Pip is well again he travels back to the marshes to marry Biddy, but he finds Joe and Biddy happy on their wedding day. He is happy for them instead of angry or depressed and is relieved that he never mentioned proposing to Biddy to Joe. Dickens uses Pip’s reaction to Joe and Biddy’s wedding day to portray the extent of Pip’s moral growth. This further reinforced Pip’s selflessness and there fore even more personal moral improvement. In my opinion Dickens wanted to Pip to continue moving forwards with and his new life with Herbert, his job in the east instead of moving backwards to the marshes and forge after his hard-learnt transition. At the end of the novel Pip has a new sense of purpose in his new life with Herbert and a new job, his values now are genuine and honest. When Pip comes back to the forge eleven years on he finds that Joe and Biddy have had a son who is called Pip after him, underlining that Pip has turned onto a well respected gentleman in the moral sense. Big Pip takes Little Pip to the church yard and this is exactly the same turn of events that Big Pip experienced all those years ago. It symbolises a new beginning for Little Pip and that Big Pip will take the place of Magwitch as a guardian angel and second father to Little Pip just like Magwitch was to him. It is ironic that at the start of the novel that Pip was repulsed by the convict but now at the end of the novel he loves him and is taking on Magwitch’s role and persona. Dickens again presents the image of Satis house has being torn down to symbolise the end of Pips moral diversity. Dickens uses the ivy as a symbol of Pip’s new start in the east and his reassessed morals. Like the ivy, Pip â€Å"had struck root anew and was growing green on low quiet mounds of ruin† Another new beginning is Pip being reunited with Estella, in the previous era she was untouchable even with Pip’s money and luxurious life, but now Estella has understood that being a gentleman is not all about money but about the good morals and experience that Pip has developed through out the novel. I feel that at the end Pip is a real gentleman, but in today’s standards, he values love, friendship, sincerity and kindness more than social status, he is living a life of his own making and that he earns honestly. He was only a gentleman in Victorian, upper-class eyes when he had great wealth and expensive habits and didn’t necessarily have any standards. This gives us an indication that although Dickens was a Victorian he thought that a gentleman should be like the later Pip and he presents and demonstrates this view by the way he presents Pip’s moral development during the novel in the relations between Pip, Joe, and Magwitch.

Kurt Cobaines death and impact on fans essays

Kurt Cobaines death and impact on fans essays Its not fun anymore. I just cant take it anymore. The words that would later haunt the world are clumsily scribbled onto a pad of paper. The room grows silent and cold...then BANG! On April 7, 1994, the music world died with a single gunshot wound to the head. Kurdt Donald Cobain took away a music legend and left a void in the music world. When Cobain ended his life on that fateful day, he not only stunned fans, but also destroyed one of the most talented bands of all-time. The sad sense of loss that Seattle began to feel quickly spread to the rest of the country and to the world as well. The youth of an entire sub-culture was devastated. A few days after his death, 7,000 mourners gathered in Seattle to remember the musician. As Cobains widow, Courtney Love read her husbands agonizing suicide note, people lit candles, and threw burning toilet paper for the iconoclastic anti-hero. Although today some of the pain may have faded, the loss of Cobain and his band Nirvana is still being felt by teens across the country. Good men die young. Kurt was a great songwriter, musician and person. He has joined the ranks of great artists such as Jimi Hendrix, and the Nirvana legacy will be with us forever, expressed Ryan Runkewich, a Nirvana fan. The sediment is not only expressed by fans, but also by such famous musicians as R.E.M., Neil Young and the Cranberries who have all dedicated songs in Cobains memory. Before the boom of the phenomenon known as Nirvana, the Seattle music scene was most famous for its hard-rock blues. In 1988, the Aberdeen native along with Krist Anthony Novoselic and Dave Grohl began with a demo song entitled Big Cheese and captivated the hearts and souls of a forgotten generation that had yet to make a name for itself. Nirvana had the guts to express the emotions that young people were too afraid to display. The band and its ri...

Physical attractiveness Essays

Physical attractiveness Essays Physical attractiveness Essay Physical attractiveness Essay The sample was composed of 40 students from the University of Warwick, 20 males and 20 females, between 18 and 24 years of age. Equal numbers of male and female participants were used to counter the effects gender may place on perception of physical attractiveness. The subjects participated in the study on a voluntary basis and were an opportunity sample.  Materials  Two consent forms including a brief about the experiment and the participants role within it was provided for the couples being rated and the independent judges, (see appendix A and B.) Separate colour photographs were taken from the neck up of each member of ten long term heterosexual couples using a digital camera. Long term was defined as courting for 6months or over. These couples were told their photograph would be rated for physical attractiveness by independent judges and that the results would be recorded for a psychological investigation, anonymously and confidentially.  Each photograph was printed on a separate sheet of paper and divided into two groups according to sex (see appendix C.) Paper and pens were used for the subjects to record their ranking order of physical attractiveness for the male and female groups. Microsoft excel was used to format these results (see appendix D.)  SPSS (version 10) software was used to calculate the data set.  Design  The enquiry was a correlation study, exploring the relationship between the two variables of physical attractiveness of an individual and the physical attractiveness of their partner. Spearmans rho statistical test was used to calculate the data set because the study was a correlation design and the data was ordinal. However, my results cannot necessarily be accounted for using different cultures, as Anderson et al (1992) found that attractive characteristics varies from culture to culture. Limitations and Modifications Although my results matched my experimental hypothesis, the experiment had many limitations. Firstly, I was not able to control who advertised themselves in the newspaper and therefore the advertisements may not be representative of the general population. Only a certain type of person would put an advertisement into a newspaper. They may be shy or have a personal difference that stops them from going out. It is also possible that they have personality traits that are not typical of the average person. It could be argued that people who advertise in lonely-hearts advertisements could be argued as abnormal. Most people are able to and meet their partners out on social occasions or at their local sports club but those who are writing into the newspapers must be unable to find somebody in theses situations and therefore could possibly be abnormal. Secondly, people may emphasise certain traits, underestimate others and tell lies or not the full truth. This limits the validity of any conclusions that are drawn from the possibly unreliable results. Also, there is the fact that my pre-determined lists are subjective as they are opinion and therefore someone repeating the experiment may deduce completely different information from the same examples when there were no specific references to youth/looks and wealth/finance. This reduces the ecological validity of my experiment even further. As with most experiments, Cultural variations have to also be taken into account. This could be due to the extent to which countries are developed and the differing cultural priorities. For example in some cultures it is a priority for women to get married and have children, whereas for the men it is to provide food for their family. It is now becoming increasingly more common for the womens role to be more providing and for the mens role to be involved with the children. My results draw attention to the fact that women who have youth/good looks and men that are successful/wealthy (and good looking also) are thought to be the most attractive. These results are apparent in the media and aspects of every day life. For example, photos of women on mens magazines are almost always of women who are youthful and stereotypically good looking. Also, mens magazines often contain content that will offer advice on becoming more successful, and therefore more attractive. Also, many adverts aimed at men signify status symbols and therefore support my findings. One explanation for my results may be because of an evolutionary effect; over time men have become more attracted to good looking women as they will be likely to successfully give birth to children and women have become more attracted to men offering resources as they will be more likely to provide for them and their offspring meaning a higher chance of survival. By doing this, healthy genes can be passed on through the generations and the race can continue to survive. This explanation is supported by Darwins theory of evolution. However, men and women may be influenced by the media, peer pressure or other things that make them try and act or appear more attractive. There is a range of further research that could be carried out to gain a further insight into the nature of these findings. For example, the experiment could be repeated using homosexual ads, and see what resources homosexuals offer and compare those findings to these ones. I could also compare results with findings from samples of an older generation past breeding age so that the findings would be irrelevant to evolution. Additionally, a cross culture investigation would be an interesting investigation to be done. One could study how people in different cultures attract their partners and even compare between more economically developed and less economically developed countries.

War on marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

War on marijuana - Essay Example high school seniors have the highest rate among their peers in the industrial world (Author last name, date, p.278). It was the horror stories that spread in the US in the late 1960s that led to strict laws and their enforcement regarding drug use. Marijuana has been found to have the combined effect of the three categories of drugs-simulants such as cocaine and nicotine, depressants such as heroin and morphine and also hallucinogens such as LSD and MDMA- and this is why primarily marijuana is considered more dangerous than other drugs to the health of the user (Author last name, date, p.270). Compared to other drugs, Marijuana is the most used drug in the US and â€Å"the sharpest increase in drug use has occurred among young teens around Age 13†, who are the future of any given society (Author last name, date, p.279). Another danger inherent with this drug use is that it can act as a stimulant for the users to experiment with more dangerous drugs (Author last name, date, p.2 72). And also there has been a strong link found between drug use and crime (Author last name, date, p.280). It has been proved that â€Å"close to half of the crime suspects arrested in the United States had used illegal drugs in the prior three days† (Author last name, date, p.281).

A short film Script about Zach's phobia's Movie Review

A short film Script about Zach's phobia's - Movie Review Example Oh no I need to check if the door locks from outside hold on just a sec (Has already dropped the phone and rushes to the direction of the bathroom but he is still talking albeit in a lower voice almost as if he is talking to himself)†¦ I wonder locks automatically last time tried to shut my door bathroom just a bit, it shut itself and scared the heck out of me. (In a whisper walking towards the bathroom), oh dear this door is too heavy, what if I lock myself in? In the other room Emily can be heard trying to make herself heard on the mouthpiece Emily Hey Zack where did you go off to..Zaaack you want me to come or not? Zack (Suddenly remembering that he had been on the phone, he rushes and picks it up). You really must come Emily, he says I have unpacked luggage, a bathroom whose door’s heavier than a bunch of Two ton Trucks Emily (Sarcastically) You know what Zack? I think I will come†¦ Zack (Cutting her off not getting the tone) Oh thank goodness I had no idea how I was going to get through settling in the darkness is setting in and my new bulbs are in my suitcase and I can’t stand the tough of being alone in the dark. I just love the way you handle this stuff, I would be lost without your savage courage and brute strength Emily (Irritated)Hey where did that come from what’s wrong with you? or also have a phobia for courtesy? As I was saying, before your cut me off I will definitely come, I will come tomorrow and see if your million phobias will have killed you or if you can deal with them without acting like a 6 foot baby. (Slams phone) Zack Uh something I said? Oh boy now I have to do this all by myself. (Light bulb moment) hah! I know, necessity as they say, is the mother of all evil, tonight am going to face up to my fears, what’s the worst that can happen anyway? Emily is right, I need to grow up. (He sits down) now, now, now, but that’s a tall order, let me see what do I need to do first? I should make a list of things I am afraid off , that that could take all night. Maybe I should make list of things I am not afraid off, that can’t be very wrong. (Wrings his hands) this is never going to work (He sits down and scribbles on a paper for a minute or so) Luggage, darkness, bathrooms doctors, bridges closets bridges). Zack Am tired of always having to beg for help, (Marches confidently to the bags at the corner, but stops and almost does not touch them when he gets close up he bites his lower lips)Here goes nothing (opens the first suitcase and jumps back nothing happens) Ok not bad I think is could open them all then, all these locked bags give me the creeps who knows what could have snuck in. (As he opens suitcase 2, 3 and four a mouse moves in from the corner and sniffs briefly around the first suitcase, it then climbs in and disappears into the bag. Zack is getting pretty confident and opens all the suitcases). Zack Phew, that’s the worst of the first part, but one phobia is good enough for one day,

Development of an information technology (IT) project Essay

Development of an information technology (IT) project - Essay Example The project seeks to coordinate and maintain the records of the professional development of its employees spread across Colorado, Illinois, Texas and Florida. The project is estimated to cost the organization three hundred thousand dollars. This project charter formally authorizes the existence of the project and the Project Name. It seeks to provide resources to run the activities to the manager of the project. If there is a change in the project scope, the charter will be updated and submitted for re-approval. The development of the project aims to integrate all the four branches of the company allowing the extensive number of 30000 employees to locate and schedule professional development activities that relate to their positions. Most important is to facilitate coordination and manage a record of its employees and their progress. The project aims to build a system that allows location and scheduling of tasks, has an extensive search capability, and enable employees to schedule events (Bolles & Hubbard, 2007). Further, it should allow integration of a social network platform and incorporate a notification module for both the managers and the employees. The project will cover gathering the requirements for the system, building of the system, developing a guide for the user and making a presentation on the system and its functionality in general. However training the individual persons will not be done at this stage. A project manager is required to be ethical since they need to handle people of various calibers, a lot of cash, and most of all lead the staff to deliver the product. In this endeavor, they need to admit to doing wrong, making hard but necessary choices and centralizing blame in case it

Religion, Wealth and Poverty Essay Example for Free

Religion, Wealth and Poverty Essay Outline the work of one religious agency working for world development and explain why it does this work. The religious agency, Christian Aid was set up in 1944, originally known as the British Churches Ecumenical Refugee Council. It was primarily created to help the thousands of homeless Europeans as a result of the Second World War. It became known as Christian Aid in 1945 and was filed as only a segregated department of all of the non-Roman Catholic churches the British Council of Churches and provided great help to the poorer people surviving in lesser economically developed areas. Christian Aid is now a worldwide organisation and has become an agency for the churches of the United Kingdom and in Ireland, working wherever their need is superlative, irrespective of the religion of this area. As well as doing this work, Christian Aid supports local organisations who are better at understanding the needs in their specified areas, whilst continually helping those in need with the sixteen offices they retain overseas. Christian Aid believes in helping people gain strength in finding their own solution to a particular problem rather than simply helping and leaving, Christian Aid provides withstanding support. In addition to this work, Christian Aid strives to transform a New World by ending poverty and continuously campaigns for the change of the morals and rules that allow the poor to get poorer. Christian Aid works and provides help in over sixty countries in the world today, supplying emergency aid and long term aid to organisations, which are working to create the end of poverty. Christian Aid prefers to work through local organisations in areas of lesser-developed economies, as they believe that these organisations understand the needs of their people best. A great plus of the agency of Christian Aid is that it works in all areas despite the religion or race of the place they are working in. In order to achieve the high aims set by Christian Aid, their work can be divided into four sections and they are as follows. Fund raising is a major issue and to be able to start any work in relieving the issue of poverty, Christian Aid has to tackle the problem of funds, which can be raised in several ways. In 1975, it was organised so that every year in May, Christian Aid week could be held as a nationwide even. This is where churches provide information about Christian Aid to almost every home in certain areas by posting letters through their letterboxes and asking for donations. In 1995, a record à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8.6 million was raised for Christian Aid via this process. In addition to this, certain parishes and individuals organise events to raise money for the agency and in the past have contributed more by this process than in Christian Aid week. Emergency aid is also taken into consideration as Christian Aid set up a fund known as the disaster fund so it could be immediately used if a natural disaster were to occur and has often overtaken long term aid due to its efficiency in helping people survive the effects of a natural disaster. The work done by Christian Aid involves providing and sending food, medicine and materials to build shelters for the victims of such natural disasters as hurricanes, floods and earthquakes. An example of this aid was when blankets, tents and food were sent to refugees in Bosnia and Rwanda and when food was provided for drought-stricken Zimbabwe. This specified version of aid is so important that nearly 15% of Christian Aids funds are spent on it per annum. Long term aid is equally important and fortunately, Christian Aid is greatly advantaged in this area as it has contact with the organisations who receive the aid and the majority of Christian Aids emergency and long-term aid is diverted through Christian associations within the country concerned. If is often for these establishments to come up with fund-raising ideas to help relieve certain aspects of poverty in their area and then ask Christian Aid to finance these propositions. An example of this is when in Columbia, poor farmers were being threatened to be evicted from their homes. Fortunately, the farmers were able to establish an alternative environmentally friendly method which allowed them to develop their area that would provide an income for these farmers and their families. Christian Aid and the European Union are negotiating the finance of this scheme. Another example of Christian Aid helping lesser developed countries is in Bangladesh, where Christian Aid are funding a group of Christian workers to make basic drugs for medicine which are unavailable in Bangladesh. Consequently, as Christian Aid helps in all of these diverse and different areas, their main aim is to help people to help themselves. Education is a key factor to the success of Christian Aid. Nearly 5% of Christian Aids funds is consumed on education about the greater need of development and the way in which Christians are enabled to provide this help to those in need. The association of Christian Aid produces a newspaper, Christian Aid News, along with many other educational articles which not only provide information on the projects that Christian Aid is working on but how they are improving the rate of development in lesser economically developed areas. Christian Aid advocates campaigns for the improvement of living and health conditions in lesser-developed areas. Christian Aids motivation is built upon the Christian belief that all people are equal in the eyes of God and so therefore all deserve the same things. This organisation is driven by the beliefs that God cares about the poor and their lifestyle, wanting them to be treated accordingly. It is also believed that the worth and importance of a person is not measured on how much money they have or the material belongings that they may possess. It is written in the Bible that what counts is a persons desire to do good, their faith in God and actions towards other people. Due to these Christian beliefs, Christian Aid does everything within its power to help those who are less fortunate in both this country and abroad. The quotation, There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all once in Christ taken from Galatians 3:25 is the basis of the Christian Aids work. It is believed that everyone has rights and so deserves to be treated the same, despite their circumstances, creed, nationality, religion or colour. In conclusion to the work of Christian Aid and its motivation, it is clear that their main aim is not only to assist the poor, but help them learn to help themselves and by doing this, Christian Aid are increasing the development of the developing world. The motivation of this agency is obvious due to the fact that they are Christian and it is Gods belief that you should use everything within your power to help those in need of your help. Christian Aid believes that From one man he made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole Earth, Acts 17: 26, so that everyone is equal in the eyes of God as they were all created from the same mould, therefore everyone should be treated respectfully. Thanks to these beliefs, Christian Aids work is helping to eradicate the growth of poverty and sustain a development in the lesser-developed areas.